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For centuries, nations had tried to conquer Afghanistan. None succeeded. But the Cold War -- and an Afghan civil war -- would bring a terrible toll of death and destruction to the people of this traditionally Islamic land.

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| In the early 1980s, as détente crumbled, the war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union moved into the athletic arena, and tit-for-tat became an Olympic event. |
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| Ten years after Soviet troops withdrew from Afghanistan, Russians are still coming to terms with their personal and national loss.
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| The Afghanistan war not only helped bring about the collapse of the Soviet Union,
it also influenced the region's perceptions of the West.
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TIME: Russia's Bold Challenge January 14, 1980 Pravda: Soviet troops in Afghanistan? Pure fabrication
December 23, 1979
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Twenty years after the Soviet invasion and 10 years after the last Soviet soldier pulled out of Afghanistan, Afghans remain the single largest refugee group in the world. About 2.6 million Afghans still live in exile.
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